Radiation Environment and Medicine
Online ISSN : 2432-163X
Print ISSN : 2423-9097
ISSN-L : 2423-9097
Presentation Abstract
A New Method to Improve Accuracy of Dose Estimation in Biodosimetry
Donovan AndersonKai TakebayashiNaomi SasakiValerie Swee Ting GohRyo NakayamaYohei FujishimaAkifumi NakataTomisato Miura
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2024 Volume 13 Issue 2 Pages 80-

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Abstract

The dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) remains the “gold standard” in biological dosimetry, undergoing continuous refinement and validation since the mid-1960s. Using the DCA, it is theoretically possible to estimate an unknown dose to an individual by establishing a correlation between the number of induced dicentrics following irradiation and the dose applied to generate such damage. However, the frequency of dicentrics is influenced by factors like the type of irradiation source and dose rate (Anderson et al. 2023). Additionally, there are inherent scoring variations in dicentrics per radiation dose (Gy) among scorers due to the qualitative nature of metaphase selection (Ainsbury et al., 2009) and the challenge of detecting specific dicentric chromosomes in solid-stained slides, especially those formed by two acrocentric chromosomes. In this study, we developed an innovative staining method that combines conventional solid chromosome staining with a specialized technique targeting and marking the centromeric region, henceforth called “cTAG”. The cTAG technique streamlines the identification of dicentrics in complete metaphases by emphasizing centromeres in 1.5 hours. Preliminary results showed that it significantly reduced disparities in dicentric yield measurements among experienced scorers, decreasing the coefficient of variation from 12% with conventional Giemsa staining to 1.2% with the new technique. Furthermore, the cTAG technique can be applied to de-stained Giemsa slides, facilitating image preparation for DCA training and development. In the future we will conduct inter-laboratory comparisons using the cTAG technique in DCA to see if scoring variations still occur across laboratories or if disparities are reduced.

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© 2024 Hirosaki University Press.
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