When we try to see the shifting point from "kinsei" to "kindai" in terms of the " ecritureit can hardly be said that it is in 1868 (the year of the Restoration). Rather, the qualities of "ecriture" in these two literary periods seem to differ very little, especially when we see them through the histories of the studies of Dutch and the Chinese languages. I've discussed the meaning of this in relation to the state of affairs of the nineteenth century and Yanagibashi Shinsi as an intermediary.