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Volume 39, Issue 3
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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The Food System of Tanzanian Coffee and Fair TradeHideyuki Tsujimura2003 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 241-251
Published: December 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBased on the recognition that the current dominant trade never alleviates the poverty of small producers in developing countries, fair trade (FT) which intends to support producers has been developed.
Though some recent studies have gone into a discussion of methods to evaluate FT by the absolute criteria of ‘fairness’, this study attempts to relatively evaluate whether or not FT can improve ‘unfairness’ of the current dominant trade, which will be clarified by this paper.
As far as primary commodities are concerned, theoretical studies on the ‘unfairness’ of the trade date from the theory of the North-South problem in the 1960s. This paper is written with the aim of advancing a framework for analysis of unfair trade of primary commodities produced in developing countries by adoption of various theories such as the North-South problem, the World-System, the Food-System and the pricing mechanism for agricultural products. What is more, a part of results of the case study (Tanzanian coffee) from within the framework and an evaluation example of FT will be shown.View full abstractDownload PDF (3440K) -
Theoretical Potential of LETSOsamu Nakamura2003 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 252-259
Published: December 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAcross Japan, active efforts for LETS (Local Exchanges and Trading System) are being made. However, none of them are attempts that could create a regional economy.
Given this factor, I have made a concrete dissertation in this report by associating such specific policies as recycling-oriented society and local production for local consumption with LETS.
Furthermore, I have empirically examined the potentials of LETS from the perspective of Ricard's economic theory and the notion of the regionality of ideas.View full abstractDownload PDF (2321K) -
Seiichi Sakurai2003 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 260-269
Published: December 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis article investigates the position of the farmers' market in the globalizing agro-food system in Japan. The farmers' market is not a closed system separated from the globalizing economy and society, but an open system in the trend of globalization. Therefore there is the possibility of its being affected by the forces of other marketing channels. But the farmers' market still has some characteristics that contribute to its ability to overcome or mitigate the negative aspects of the globalization of the agro-food system. By applying the framework for investigating industrialized society elaborated by I. Illich and the fordism-flexibility analysis, the author identifies alternative aspects of the farmers' market, such as the potential of easy entry for diversified farmers, the discovery of vernacular values, a flexible shipping system and the acquisition and utilization of information through communication among market participants. Remaining issues to be investigated are the significance of locality and the additional comparative analysis between the market and two other objects: the traditional market and the farmers' market overseas.View full abstractDownload PDF (2952K) -
Towards Improved Food Production in Sangadzi AreaBeston B. Maonga, Keshav Lall Maharjan2003 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 270-281
Published: December 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
The case of Ulanmodo pastoral area in Horuchin YouyiqianqiWensheng Zhang, Yoshihito Itohara2003 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 282-291
Published: December 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA prominent feature of livestock breeding in Inner Mongolia is to make use of the grasslands as an endless supply of self-support fodder and to breed livestock by way of pasturage. In this paper, we collected data on the changes in livestock composition among goat, sheep and cattle breeding, and compared them with profit structure for goat, sheep and cattle. The aim of this paper is to analyze the important factors in composition change of livestock breeding. From the analysis, the following assessments were made.
(1) Gratuitous profits decrease for livestock that require an investment in commercial brands of fodder, mainly thick fodder. Analysis shows that the decrease in gratuitous profits is the highest in the case of goat, followed by sheep and then cattle.
(2) Gratuitous profits increase in livestock that depend on self-supporting fodder, mainly natural pasturage. Analysis shows that the increase of gratuitous profits is the highest in the case of goat, followed by sheep and cattle.
(3) In the profit percentage of the whole livestock capital, the sheep is the highest among the three, followed by goat and cattle.
The reason for the changes in the livestock composition is due to the differences in profit structure generated by the different kinds of livestock. However, it is problematic to simply increase dependence on self-supporting fodder for fear of causing degradation and desertification of the grasslands. It is thus important to develop a well-balanced program of selecting different kinds of livestock in order to prevent the degradation and desertification of grassland.View full abstractDownload PDF (3166K) -
Atsuhito Yokoyama2003 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 292-302
Published: December 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to consider how the concept of labor force needs to be redefined by pointing out the premises and issues that Otsuki employed when he defined labor force as a source of production factor. The main results are as follows:
(1) Otsuki uses a fictitious model of a family farm economy that contributes the sources of production factors to the farm business economy. The reason he formulates the concept of labor force as a source of production factor is to regard it as negotiable, contributable goods.
(2) To regard the labor force as the equity fund of a farm business economy, however, is to ignore the labor quantity factor and to presume it has no relation to the calculation of profits and losses. Conceived at a time when labor-intensive farm management was needed in a labor abundant economy, the presumptions regarding labor quantity have yet to undergo revision. Otsuki's concept of labor force thus corresponds to the low estimation of self-supplied labor.
(3) One of the reasons he defined the concept of labor force as a source of production factor is that labor force is consumed by work and entirely restored by normal daily activities. He recognized labor force as if it were a natural phenomenon, and on the other hand he emphasized that the labor force had to be developed by providing education. As the cycle of the labor force cannot be regarded as a natural phenomenon, we conclude that it is necessary to grasp labor force as produced goods consumed in the family farm economy.View full abstractDownload PDF (3767K) -
Nobumasa Takahashi2003 Volume 39 Issue 3 Pages 303-304
Published: December 25, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (663K)
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