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Volume 37 (1996)
- Issue 6 Pages 343-
- Issue 5 Pages 247-
- Issue 4 Pages 165-
- Issue 3 Pages 135-
- Issue 2 Pages 65-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 37, Issue 4
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Kokichi GOTO, Takashi MASUDA, Shoko MURAYAMA, Chuhei IMAI, Hirotaka KO ...1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 165-172_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of disinfectants and antibacterial chemicals used in food production on Salmonella Enteritidis contamination on the shell surface of eggs were examined from the viewpoint of prevention of Salmonella foodborne disease due to intact eggs and egg products (whole egg, eggwhite, yolk, sugared yolk, salted yolk, etc.).
Eggs artificially contaminated with S. Enteritidis in various ways were immersed in a solution of sodium hypochlorite, organic acid (fumaric acid or acetic acid) or trisodium phosphate for 2 to 20min. After drying, these eggs were stored at 8 or 25°C for 14 days. S. Enteritidis on the shell surface was evaluated by direct plating on DHL agar (direct method) and by enrichment with EEM broth (enrichment method) at intervals of 0 (examined immediately), 1, 3, 7 and 14 days.
The number of eggs contaminated with S. Enteritidis was decreased effectively by storage for 7 to 14 days at 8°C or 25°C after immersion in 5-15% trisodium phosphate solution. Eighty to one hundred percent of eggs examined were free from S. Enteritidis by the direct method, whereas 65-87% of eggs were uncontaminated according to the enrichment method. The number of S. Enteritidis on the shell surface of eggs artificially contaminated with the organism in 2% whole eggs and 1% gelatin was decreased effectively by spray washing with fresh water after immersion in 1-2% trisodium phosphate solution.
From these results, trisodium phosphate may be effective for removing Salmonella from the shell surface of eggs during washing of eggs in grading and packing centers and in egg-product plants.View full abstractDownload PDF (1138K) -
Tsuneo SATO, Michiko MIZOI, Bon KIMURA, Tateo FUJII1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 173-178_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in histamine contents and in the numbers of histamine-producing and histamine-decomposing bacteria were examined during the fermentation of one sample of squid Shiokara Shirodukuri (salted and fermented squid meat without skin) and two samples (A, B) of Akadukuri (salted and fermented squid meat with skin). Histamine contents of the samples were extremely small, being 0.2-5.4mg/100g, 0.1-1.0mg/100g and 0g/100g for Shirodukuri, Akadukuri A and Akadukuri B, respectively. Histamine-producing bacteria were detected only at the 7th day and the viable count was 3.0×101/g. The numbers of histamine-decomposing bacteria which were detected during the initial fermentation period of Shirodukuri and Akadukuri A were approximately 102/g. Acinetobacter species were identified as histamine-producing and histamine-decomposing bacteria.View full abstractDownload PDF (682K) -
Motonobu YOSHIDA, Mikie TANIGAWA, Hisao MAEDA, Yasushi IFUKU1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 179-186_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined immunological methods for the detection of microbial contaminants in fruit juice. Polyclonal antibodies against native yeast of 7 species, including Candida, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula and Saccharomyces, and the monoclonal antibody against native C. intermedia, which was named mAb44 (IgG2a subclass), were prepared for use as probes in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These antibodies reacted with yeast cell-surface antigens that are thought to consist of protein moieties. The cross-reactivities between the antibodies and yeast antigens of 12 species were investigated by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting methods. C. intermedia polyclonal antibody showed extensive cross-reactivities with yeast antigens of 11 species. ELISA was carried out using C. intermedia polyclonal antibody and mAb44. Yeast cells (104-107) suspended per 100μl of fruit juice or PBS could be quantitatively measured using polyclonal antibody, although quantitative values were not obtained in the case of mAb44. When more than 103 per 100μl yeast cells were present, they were detectable by using mAb44 as well as polyclonal antibody. These results show that ELISA is a valuable method to detect microbial contaminants in fruit juice.View full abstractDownload PDF (6871K) -
Yoshiyuki CHATANI, Takeji CHIKAMOTO, Misako MUNEHISA, Tohru ADACHI, Ma ...1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 187-194_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA systematic method for determination of 6 kinds of pesticides (thiabendazole, benomyl, imazalil, diphenyl, o-phenylphenol and 2, 4-D) in citrus fruits was developed. The pesticides were extracted from the citrus fruits with acetone and the extract was concentrated. After addition of ethyl acetate to the concentrated solution, 2, 4-D and the basic pesticides (thiabendazole, benomyl and imazalil) were partitioned into an alkaline aqueous layer (pH 9) and then an acid layer (0.1N HCl), respectively.
The basic pesticides were re-extracted from the acid layer with ethyl acetate at pH 10, and the extract was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with either UV detection or fluorescence detection. The ethyl acetate layer was concentrated for the determination of diphenyl and o-phenylphenol, and subjected to HPLC with fluorescence detection. 2, 4-D was re-extracted from the alkaline aqueous layer with ethyl ether and methylated, and the resulting derivative was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with selected ion monitoring after clean-up.
The recoveries of 6 pesticides added to citrus fruits at 0.2-1.0μg/g were in the range of 80.5-97.3%. The detection limits were 0.02-0.2μg/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (895K) -
Hiroshi AKIYAMA, Dayi CHEN, Makoto MIYAHARA, Masatake TOYODA, Yukio SA ...1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 195-201_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rapid, sensitive and simple method was developed for the analyses of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 in nuts and corn. The method consists of extraction with a mixture of acetonitrile and water (9:1), clean-up on a multifunctional column, derivatization with trifluoroacetic anhydride, and determination of aflatoxins using HPLC with a fluorescence detector. The established method make it possible to analyze aflatoxins wihout using chloroform. Recoveries of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 spiked in peanuts, various other nuts and corn at the level of 1 or 10ng/g were all in the range of 82-102% with low coefficients of variation (2-7%). The minimum detectable concentration for aflatoxin B1 in peanuts was 0.01ng/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (663K) -
Yoshimasa KASAHARA, Kunio KUMAKI, Susumu KATAGIRI1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 202-209_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis investigation was carried out to clarify the cause of food poisoning following the consumption of wild grasses in Yamagata prefecture. The food poisoning was suspected to have been caused by Aconitum roots mixed with edible roots, because the toxic symptoms were similar to those induced by Aconitum plants.
Several aconitine analogues (aconitine, hypaconitine, mesaconitine) present in the food poisoning sample were resolved by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an ODS column and by liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The contents of mesaconitine was 0.415μg/g, and that of aconitine was 0.153μg/g in the food poisoning sample.
The toxic symptoms in mice given the food poisoning sample (150g/kg, i. p.) were convulsion, vomitting, salivation, diarrhea and death. Mesaconitine (0.1mg/kg, i. p.) showed similar toxic symptoms.
These results led to the conclusion that the food poisoning has been caused by mesaconitine and aconitine from Aconitum roots mixed with the edible plants. Quantitative analysis of wild Aconitum roots collected in Yamagata city confirmed that mesaconitine was the main principle, rather than aconitine or other alkaloids.View full abstractDownload PDF (742K) -
Tamio MAITANI, Hiroki KUBOTA, Kyoko IWASAKI, Takashi YAMADA1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 210-214_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concentrations of heavy metals in commercial natural food additives (9 items, 10 products) used to increase the shelf life of foods were determined. Pb content was below 3μg/g in all items, though some items contained about 10μg/g of Cu or over 200μg/g of Fe. The influence of Cu and Fe on the Heavy Metals Limit Test was investigated using the items that contained large amounts of Cu or Fe. Although not darker than the color of the control solution (the limit was set at 20μg/g as Pb), darkening was observed in the test solution of the pepper extract that showed the highest concentrations of Pb and Cu. Since the color of 100μg/g of Cu corresponded to that of 40μg/g of Pb, Cu in the pepper extract contributed more to the darkness than the Pb. In an HPLC-ICP study on a neutral solution of pectin digests, an Fe peak, which may be ascribed to Fe bound to galacturonic acid, was observed. Since various metals are present in commercial products of natural food additives, it is considered that specifications for, at least, lead, heavy metals, and arsenic should be established for natural food additives.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K) -
Yoshiyuki CHATANI, Takeji CHIKAMOTO, Misako MUNEHISA, Tohru ADACHI, Ma ...1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 215-221_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA systematic method for determination of 42 kinds of pesticides (organophosphorus, organonitrogen and pyrethroid pesticide) in citrus fruits was developed. The pesticides were extracted from the citrus fruits with acetone, and the extract was concentrated. After addition of ethyl acetate to the concentrated solution, both acid and basic compounds were removed. The ethyl acetate layer was then subjected to capillary GC with NPD detection after clean-up with a Sep-pak Florisil cartridge.
The recoveries of 42 pesticides added to lemon at 0.010-1.00μg/g were in the range of 59.2-100.0%. The detection limits were 0.01-0.2μg/g.View full abstractDownload PDF (876K) -
Kazuhiro FUJITA, Kanako ITO, Masahiko TAKAYAMA, Kenji TANNO, Mitsunori ...1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 222-225_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA biological method for residual tetracyclines (TCs) in propolis was evaluated. Oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC) and chlortetracycline (CTC) were extracted from a sample with 5% citric acid containing 0.001M EDTA-2Na. The extract was washed with hexane and diethyl ether, followed by a Sep-pak Plus PS2 cartridge clean-up and TCs adsorbed in the cartridge were eluted with methanol. The eluate was concentrated to dryness, and the residue was redissolved in a phosphate buffer (pH 4.5) and treated with polyamide resin to remove antibacterial substances originating from propolis. The cup-plate method was employed for quantitative determination, and microbioautography for identification of TCs. The recoveries were 97.6% (OTC), 92.7% (TC) and 86.3% (CTC), and the detection limits were 0.1μg/g (OTC, TC) and 0.02μg/g (CTC).View full abstractDownload PDF (530K) -
Eiji UENO, Hidetaka NAKASHIMA, Kenzou TAKAKURA, Kiyoaki OKAZAKI, Hiroa ...1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 226-230_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOrange II (O-II), which is a non-permitted dye for use in food in Japan, was found in a pickled vegetable. It was difficult to identify O-II by usual analytical methods for food dyes such as paper and thin layer chromatographies, because there are three isomers in total, Orange I (O-I), Orange RN (O-RN), and O-II. In order to reliably identify the dye in a pickled vegetable, thin layer chromatography (TLC), thin layer chromatography/fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry (TLC/FABMS) and high performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode-array detector (PDA-HPLC) were employed. The Rf value and TLC/FAB mass spectrum of the dye suggested that the dye was O-II or O-RN. The retention time and ultraviolet/visible spectrum of the dye coincided with those of standard O-II, but were different from those of O-RN. Therefore, we concluded that the dye in the pickled vegetable was O-II.View full abstractDownload PDF (521K) -
Kunihiko TAKAHASHI, Youji HOSHINO1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 231-233_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple method for the determination of dinoseb in agricultural products by capillary GC without methylation was developed. Dinoseb was extracted from grains and beans with acetonitrile, and the solution was washed with hexane. In the case of fruits and vegetables, dinoseb was extracted with acetone-hexane mixture (1:1), and the solution was washed with water. The extract was cleaned up with a silica gel column, and subjected to NPD-GC with a DB-1 widebore capillary column. Recoveries of dinoseb from agricultural products fortified with 0.05ppm were 79.2-87.8%, and the limit of detection was 0.005ppm.View full abstractDownload PDF (321K) -
Hiroshi ISHIDA1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 234-239_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe preservative levels in commercial toothpastes for general, children's and medicinal uses were measured by GLC, and daily preservatives intake arising from brushing of the teeth in female students (20 years old) was calculated and compared to the intake from the diet.
The levels of benzoic acid (BA) were 810-4, 450mg/kg in toothpaste for general use, and 800-850mg/kg in that for children's use. Those of p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) esters in the toothpastes for genelal, children's and medicinal uses were 70-1, 370mg/kg, 170-520mg/kg and 350-450mg/kg, respectively.
When toothpaste for general use containing BA 4, 450mg/kg and PHBA-ethyl 1, 550mg/kg was used by 40 female students, the daily intake of BA was about 2.23mg, which was almost the same as that from the diet, whereas the PHBA-ethyl daily intake was about 1.10mg, which was considerably higher than that through the diet.View full abstractDownload PDF (723K) -
Teruyo YASUI, Chitose TODA, Kiyomatsu HASHIZUME, Hideo NAGANO, Hideko ...1996 Volume 37 Issue 4 Pages 240-245_1
Published: August 05, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 11, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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